Short Story - 915 Words

It was Gwaine, leaning against a lamppost, his washed-out pallor obvious beneath the weak lamp light. Gone was the usual mirth from his eyes, his cheeks had hollowed, and it appeared as if he hadn’t bothered combing his hair in a week. â€Å"Hey.† Gwen could not think of anything else to say, and she began to panic, wondering if Gwaine had relapsed. He looked that awful. â€Å"We need to talk.† â€Å"All right.† Gwen wanted to take his hand, but she was afraid he might not be receptive. â€Å"Are you okay? Have you, um†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He narrowed his eyes in confusion, then he sighed as understanding took hold. â€Å"Have I relapsed? No, Gwen, I haven’t. I’m just nursing a broken heart. I attended extra NA meetings this week, and I worked more hours to keep myself†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"I mean, it’s not like you were sleeping with him.† His face fell. â€Å"Were you?† â€Å"No, I wasn’t. Of course not.† He visibly relaxed. â€Å"I believe you. When are you going to see him again?† â€Å"I don’t know. There are no firm plans, but his sister is getting married on New Year’s Day, and she invited me to the wedding. I want to go, and he’ll be there.† â€Å"And I can’t go with you. Gotcha.† Gwen had no response. She couldn’t very well turn up with Gwaine on her arm after he and Arthur had exchanged punches. He sat back and frowned. â€Å"Never mind. But tell me this: Do I need to worry about you and Arthur.† â€Å"No.† â€Å"Okay. I’d like it if from now on you let me know when you’re seeing him. I’m not being stalkerish, and I don’t want to micromanage your life, but if you’re seeing the guy socially, I deserve to know. I’m trying to be understanding, but it’s tough. Does that make sense?† â€Å"It makes complete sense, and I’m sorry I hid things from you. It was wrong in so many ways. I should have been upfront about being in touch with Arthur, but I was afraid to lose you.† â€Å"Could you cut ties with him? Are you willing to do that?† She looked away. â€Å"I can’t I’m sorry.† â€Å"So this is something I have to deal with if I want to be with you?† Tearful, Gwen nodded. â€Å"Okay, Gwen. As long as you’re willing to tell me when you two get together, I’ll accept it, and I expect honesty andShow MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. Four MajorRead MoreThe Short Stories Ideas For Writing A Short Story Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pageswriting a short story. Many a time, writers run out of these short story ideas upon exhausting their sources of short story ideas. If you are one of these writers, who have run out of short story ideas, and the deadline you have for coming up with a short story is running out, the short story writing prompts below will surely help you. Additionally, if you are being tormented by the blank Microsoft Word document staring at you because you are not able to come up with the best short story idea, youRead MoreShort Story1804 Words   |  8 PagesShort story: Definition and History. A  short story  like any other term does not have only one definition, it has many definitions, but all of them are similar in a general idea. According to The World Book Encyclopedia (1994, Vol. 12, L-354), â€Å"the short story is a short work of fiction that usually centers around a single incident. Because of its shorter length, the characters and situations are fewer and less complicated than those of a novel.† In the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s DictionaryRead MoreShort Stories648 Words   |  3 Pageswhat the title to the short story is. The short story theme I am going conduct on is â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty’ by James Thurber (1973). In this short story the literary elements being used is plot and symbols and the theme being full of distractions and disruption. The narrator is giving a third person point of view in sharing the thoughts of the characters. Walter Mitty the daydreamer is very humorous in the different plots of his dr ifting off. In the start of the story the plot, symbols,Read MoreShort Stories1125 Words   |  5 PagesThe themes of short stories are often relevant to real life? To what extent do you agree with this view? In the short stories â€Å"Miss Brill† and â€Å"Frau Brechenmacher attends a wedding† written by Katherine Mansfield, the themes which are relevant to real life in Miss Brill are isolation and appearance versus reality. Likewise Frau Brechenmacher suffers through isolation throughout the story and also male dominance is one of the major themes that are highlighted in the story. These themes areRead MoreShort Story and People1473 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Title: Story Of An Hour Author: Kate Chopin I. On The Elements / Literary Concepts The short story Story Of An Hour is all about the series of emotions that the protagonist, Mrs. Mallard showed to the readers. With the kind of plot of this short story, it actually refers to the moments that Mrs. Mallard knew that all this time, her husband was alive. For the symbol, I like the title of this short story because it actually symbolizes the time where Mrs. Mallard died with joy. And with thatRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect.As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreRacism in the Short Stor ies1837 Words   |  7 PagesOften we read stories that tell stories of mixing the grouping may not always be what is legal or what people consider moral at the time. The things that you can learn from someone who is not like you is amazing if people took the time to consider this before judging someone the world as we know it would be a completely different place. The notion to overlook someone because they are not the same race, gender, creed, religion seems to be the way of the world for a long time. Racism is so prevalentRead MoreThe Idol Short Story1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe short stories â€Å"The Idol† by Adolfo Bioy Casares and â€Å"Axolotl† by Julio Cortà ¡zar address the notion of obsession, and the resulting harm that can come from it. Like all addictions, obsession makes one feel overwhelmed, as a single thought comes to continuously intruding our mind, causing the individual to not be able to ignore these thoughts. In â€Å"Axolotl†, the narr ator is drawn upon the axolotls at the Jardin des Plantes aquarium and his fascination towards the axolotls becomes an obsession. InRead MoreGothic Short Story1447 Words   |  6 Pages The End. In the short story, â€Å"Emma Barrett,† the reader follows a search party group searching for a missing girl named Emma deep in a forest in Oregon. The story follows through first person narration by a group member named Holden. This story would be considered a gothic short story because of its use of setting, theme, symbolism, and literary devices used to portray the horror of a missing six-year-old girl. Plot is the literal chronological development of the story, the sequence of events

The Battle Of The Vietnam War - 1848 Words

Lieutenant General Harold â€Å"Hal† Moore Imagine sitting in a helicopter that is taking to a battle ground were an estimated 2000 enemy troops are awaiting your arrival. You know you are heavily outnumbered but regardless, you have a mission to complete. The lives of your subordinates sit in the brink as they are counting on your ability to make split second decisions, employ meticulously devised tactics, and give precise orders. These are the challenges Lieutenant General Harold â€Å"Hal† Moore faced on 14 Nov 1965 during the first battle of the Vietnam War. This essay will outline how Gen. Moore was a visionary who displayed transformational leadership skills through idealized influence that aided the United States in its success on the†¦show more content†¦During the Battle of LZ X-Ray in the Ia Drang Valley, he was outnumbered 4 to1 and still led his troops to victory (Moore Galloway, 1992). Prior to that battle, President Johnson elected to debut a new style of warfare using helicopters that would all ow the U.S. Army to overcome Vietnams rugged terrain. This new Division of the Army would be dubbed the 1st Cavalry Division, Airmobile and its Commander; Lt. Col Harold Moore would lead the charge (The Out Post, 1996). As referenced in the Thomas N. Barnes Center Team Building Lesson, Air Force Doctrine Document 1, Leadership and Force Development, states that, â€Å"The primary task of a military organization is to perform its mission†, (Team Building p.3) and that is just what Gen Moore planned to do. Believing so strongly in the Army’s approach to modernizing warfare, he began diligently preparing. Moore physically and mentally trained his men in order to effectively execute the Army’s newest vision. Given that these types of tactics had never been used before, it was squarely placed on Moore to be innovative and creative in order to keep his men safe and prevail against the enemy. Moore knew how he conducted business over the next year would mean the difference between success and failure, life and death. Moore ensured that his men at all levels understood the people, the tactics, and history of Vietnam. Moore himself studied his enemy

Critical Evaluation on Marketing Theories-Free-Samples-Myassignment

Question: Using relevant statistics describe the type of visitors who come to the region in which your selected advertised Business is located. Answer: Marekt segnmentation, visitor, target market and business location: Watermark Pointe is one of the most prestigeous as well as luxurious condominiums occupyig a predominent place in the realm of hotel industry. Thiss particular condominium is located in Westchester, only 35 minutes away from Manhattan. Parks, Clubls, restaurants, Historic sites are easily available from this particilar condominium (watermarkpointe.com 2017). With magificently crafted interior having resort style of settingn this particular residence is primarily affordable for premium cost of customers. Custoemer service providers of Watermark Pointe are flexible enough in dealing with the people of different geographical boudaries and attitudes. The personnels are having management dehwell training on cutsoemer management. In order to use the facilities and benefits of Watermark Pointe the customers should have high rate of income status. This particular luxurious condominum is primarily for premium cost of custoemrs. Seabeach is in the front of Watermark Pointe. Therefore, the visitors would have the scope of getting a serene environemnt at the insside of condominium (Simovska-Jarevska et al. 2012). Service providers are flexibe enough in giving necessary services and facilities to the vissitors so that they do not get any scope of making complaints. However, while making a proper market segmentation for selecting the target customers of Watermark Pointe, the managerting managers have focused on three key factors including geographic, demographic and psychographic (Jiang et al. 2015). New york is not the only geographic location that the business experts of Watermark Pointe have targeted. The bsuienss executives are willing to spread their entire business wings all over the World. Therefore, global custoemrs having high rate of income status have been selecetd as the target customers. On the other hand, as per the psychological market segmentation the service providers are flexible to provide their necessary services to the people oof different cultural and religious atitudes. Their service and product facilities are not restricted within a specific group of people. Critical evaluation on marketing theories: In order to promote the brand in different geographical boundaries the marketing mangers of Watermark Pointe have focused to follow three major maketing theories. These are as follows: 4Ps of marketing mix theory: Product: Providing luxurious accommodation with the help of excellent inteerior design and the execellent professional behavior from the service providers of Watermark Pointe is the unique selling point of this particular condominiums (Simovska-Jarevska et al. 2012). Price: Watermark Pointe has targeted those customers who are having high rate of income status. Watermark Pointe is out an out a luxurious condominiums belonging to the city of Weschester. The product and service price of this particular residence is high that is not very much affordable for the low cost customers (Mzumara 2012). Place: Weschester is the proper destination based on which the business process of Watermark Pointe has been established (Mzumara 2012). This particular location is very much convenient for both the regional customers as well as international customers. Promotion: Social media is the primary platform based on which the products and the services of Watermark Pointe has been circulated all over the world. With the help of social media platform people belonging to different geographical backgorudns can get an in-depth idea and knowledge about the products as well as services (Hui et al. 2013). At the same time, Watermark Pointe has focused to maintain their promotional activities through online magazines as well. Travel and Leisure is one of the most recognizable travel magazines having a prestige and recognizition all over the World. Therefore, Watermark Pointe has decided to give a display advertisement on Travel and Leisure in order to promote their products as well as service all over the World. Ansof matrix: Ansof Matrix established by H. Igor Ansoff is constituted with four major factors which are primarily essential for promoting a specific brand in the international market. This particular framework is constituted with four major factors including market development, product development, market penetration and diversification. Market development is the systematic procedure of promoting the brand as per current needs and demands of custoemrs (Jarevska et al. 2012). Based on the current market trend the busienss managers intend to develop their products as well as services. Market penetration is the systematic procedure of expading the sales growth of organziation by rendering product development as well as devlopment in the market. In addition, diversification ensures that rendering diversification on product as well as service quality. As per the current needs and demands of customers Watermark Pointe has decided to render some of the additional services within their condominiums (Hui et al. 2013). There is no time constraints in entering into the residence. Customers are flexible enough to enjoy till night. AIDA framework: AIDA is a systematic framework based on which a purchaser get attracted towards the service as well as products. The four primary stages of AIDA includes: Awareess: In order to make a brand awareness the condominiums like Watermark Pointe intends to utilize the popularity of media vehicles with the help of which customers belonging to different geographiical boundaries would be aware of product benefits and service facilities (Mzumara 2012). Interest: Interest is the after effect of brand promotion. Custoemrs would like to show their intersat in purchasing produccts and services only when they have interst after having the product promotion (Jiang et al. 2015). Desire: After getting an in-depth knowledge and idea about the brand the customers get desired of using this products and services (Kerr et al. 2013). Watermark Pointe has renderd an excellect service process to the customers by making excellent team performances. Action: However, in order to maintain an effective promotion the organiiztaion like Watermark Pointe can take some of the major initiatives such as publication of newsletter, pressrealease, brochure (Hui et al. 2013). This particular framework is one of the most effective ways of drawing the attention of customers from different geographical corners. Reference List: Hui, S.K., Inman, J.J., Huang, Y. and Suher, J., 2013. The effect of in-store travel distance on unplanned spending: Applications to mobile promotion strategies.Journal of Marketing,77(2), pp.1-16. Jiang, Y., Shang, J., Liu, Y. and May, J., 2015. Redesigning promotion strategy for e-commerce competitiveness through pricing and recommendation.International Journal of Production Economics,167, pp.257-270. Kerr, J., Marshall, S.J., Godbole, S., Chen, J., Legge, A., Doherty, A.R., Kelly, P., Oliver, M., Badland, H.M. and Foster, C., 2013. Using the SenseCam to improve classifications of sedentary behavior in free-living settings.American journal of preventive medicine,44(3), pp.290-296. Mzumara, M., 2012.Developing an export promotion strategy for the postconflict reconstruction of Zimbabwe(Doctoral dissertation, North-West University). Simovska-Jarevska, V., Damjanovski, D., Pavlova, V., Martinovski, S. and Vidin, M., 2012. Evaluation of dietary habits and physical activity level monitoring as basis for a new health promotion strategy in Republic of Macedonia.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,44, pp.370-374. travelandleisure.com 2017.Travel + Leisure. [online] Available at: https://www.travelandleisure.com/ [Accessed 10 Aug. 2017].Travel + Leisure. (2017).Travel + Leisure. [online] Available at: https://www.travelandleisure.com/ [Accessed 10 Aug. 2017]. watermarkpointe.com 2017. [online] Available at: https://Watermark Pointe [Accessed 10 Aug. 2017].

Mr.Shelton complaint free essay sample

Why is Mr. Shelton upset? What should be done to address his complaint? Mr. Shelton is upset because of the very poor customer service provided by Presto Cleaner. As written in Mr. Shelton’s letter to Mr. J.W. Sewickley, president of the company, he said that he has been outraged by the entire episode (the fact that he left his laundry in a store to be cleaned, that it took more than 6 weeks in order to have his clothes back and that, to cover this lack, he has to buy other shirts), by the way Presto Cleaner company treats customers (which is very slow and insensitive and which make Mr. Shelton angry and persistent), by Mr. Hoffner’s conduct (that every time Mr. Shelton call, he is never available), by the lack of communication between departments of the company (between the central plant and different stores in the city too) and by the ridiculous system the company has introduced (staff is still unfamiliar with that and the promised waiting times halved were actually d oubled). We will write a custom essay sample on Mr.Shelton complaint or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He could not understand how a company, running a customer service business, could have such a careless attitude to a simple customer complaint.  Some particular points should be done to address Mr. Shelton’s complaint. First of all, Mr. J.W.Sewickley should immediately contact Mr. Shelton by telephone to discuss his letter (since he never heard of this story and since he asked Mr. Hoffman about that) and to apologize for the poor service the customer has received. Then, the store at the intersection of Adams and Broadway wasted a lot of time with these clothes. It first checked for three days if the items were in the store. Then, they used both customer’s identification numbers to locate the order in the computer, but they turned up nothing. Furthermore, store assistant put a tracer on the order back to the plant. After 11 days, plant still had not called Mr. Shelton back and then, store told the customer he should call customer complaint office to make a claim for the lost items. If the company was serious, the store should have informed a manager right when it found out about the missing items, so that he could have addressed the problem quickly. Managers must always be available and approachable when are needed by customers, but it took more than a month for Mr. Shelton to get in touch with Presto Cleaner, thing that made him very persistent, due to lack of interest on the part of the company to provide a quick solution, especially for a problem which, as  discovered, was just a simple matter. Management must always make customers feel that they are very important to the improvement of the company. Third of all, the implementation of computer-based system that should have helped speed up the customer service, was a disaster actually. It was not a mess because it was a bad idea, but because employees had not enough time to learn how to use the new system. In this way, waiting time was doubled, compared with the old dry cleaning system. Then, considering the impoliteness of the company in Mr. Shelton’ regards, a refund for the order that was lost and a payment for the shirts the customer had to buy is the least the company can do, especially if we think that a factory can not go broke for less than 500$ and if we think that Mr. Shelton has clearly made understand that he will continue with his business with Presto Cleaner if he get what he asked. Last but not the least, Mr. Hoffman has made a huge mistake saying that maybe Mr. Shelton is not a customer who is worth to satisfy; this is an incorrect way of problem solving because it is true that maybe the customer was very demanding and stressful, but it is always important to find a balance between two different needs and because companies need everyday more customers to grow up or to go on working too. Afterwards, researches have shown that it is less costly to continue serving existing customers than to increase market share. If companies continue to provide high quality products and services, they will realize high customer loyalty and a customer who is satisfied by a company, he is also likely to spread positive word of mouth, creating more goodwill in the marketplace.

Concept Analysis on Acuity Nursing Essay Sample

Concept Analysis on Acuity Nursing Essay Sample Concept Analysis on Acuity Nursing Essay Example Concept Analysis on Acuity Nursing Essay Example The focus of this concept analysis paper is acuity. On the surface, â€Å"acuity† appears to be a precisely defined concept because of its prevalent use in health sciences-related literature. For instance, many authors have acknowledged the rising patient acuity in the course of the last three decades. Moreover, numerous tools have been developed to quantitatively measure patient acuity. Some of these tools include the Revised Easley-Storfjell Patient Classification Instrument, the Can Slyck and Associated Acuity System, the Injury Severity Score, the National Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System, the Acute Physiology, Age, Chronic Health Evaluation instrument, and the Resource Utilization Group Classification System. Despite the existence of several measurement tools for patient acuity, the literature is inconsistent with respect to the definition and measurement of the concept. This concept analysis paper has the main aim of evaluating the definitions of acuity in various disciplines, concepts related to patient acuity, usages of the concept, antecedents of patient acuity, and the consequences of patient acuity. A personal definition of the concept is also provided along with a conceptual model. Before analyzing the concept of acuity, there is the need to have valid measurements, which emphasize on the clarity of the concept being measured. Regardless of the fact that â€Å"acuity† is frequently used, the inconsistent definition and measurement tools of the concept have made it impossible to make a cross-comparison of acuity measurements in diverse settings. In addition, this inconsistency has increased the difficulty of exploring the relationship between acuity and its respective outcomes. As a result, there is the need to perform a concept analysis in order to clarify the meaning and move towards the development of standardized definitions as well as measurements as it relates to acuity. The concept analysis was guided by the Morse’s concept classification method (Morse, 1995). According to Morse (1995), a concept will rarely seem well described and mature, which can be attributed to vast literature covering the concept that provides comprehensive descriptions, clinical empirical evidence as well as quantitative tools used in measuring the concept. However, a closer look reveals inconsistent definitions and several rival implicit theories, which is the case with the concept of patient acuity. The concept clarification method recommended by Morse (1995) encompasses performing a review of literature, and content analysis of literature with respect to the underlying values. In addition, the concept analysis process involves analyzing the attributes of the concept including the consequences and antecedents. A search for the term â€Å"acuity† was performed in the abstract and titles of papers published in the English language in electronic databases and citation indexes such as Google Scholar, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PubMed. The Oxford and Merriam-Webster English Dictionaries were also searched. A complementary Internet search using Google was performed. The searches yielded about 100 papers. Only one published report on the topic of concept analysis of patient acuity was found. An inclusion and exclusion criteria was employed in order to filter the papers to remain with relevant resources. Specifically, papers with the term â€Å"acuity† in the abstract or title were incorporated in the concept analysis whereas papers that lacked the term were excluded. The reason for the exclusion of the papers lacking the term â€Å"acuity† in the abstract and title was the possibility that no novel information regarding the concept of acuity could be obtained from these s ources. Definitions of Acuity The Miriam-Webster dictionary defined acuity as â€Å"the ability to understand, hear or see something easily.† In this light, acuity denotes the keenness associated with perception. The Oxford English Dictionary defines acuity as â€Å"keenness or sharpness of hearing, vision or thought.† In literature, there are several definitions of acuity that vary across discipline. For instance, Hebasevich (2012) defined acuity in healthcare settings as the intensity of care needed for a patient determined by a registered need. In this respect, six categories exist that range from minimal care to intensive care. In healthcare settings, when acuity increases, there is the need to allocate more nursing resources in order to guarantee safe care. Hughes (2008) defines patient acuity as the patient requirements for nursing care, which are used in the management of nursing quality, costs and personnel resources. In psychology, acuity has been defined as the sharpness of the mind, which depends on a number of factors including understanding, concentration and focus. An elderly individual with Alzheimer’s Disease is considered to have low mental acuity since he/she is unlikely to remember the events that happened during their youth. In addition, the elderly individual is unlikely to have a precise memory of when and how something occurred. He/she may be slow in understanding relatively simple things like operating a remote control. A person can enhance his/her mental acuity using activities that engage the mind such as mental puzzles. Gorman and Campbell (1995) also defined mental acuity as the sharpness of the mind in terms of understanding, concentration, memory and focus. However, mental acuity is not concerned with intelligence. Mental acuity denotes how well or poorly an individual’s brain is functioning and not his/her ability to undertake complex tasks. A number of factors have irreversible impacts on mental acuity such as the onset of Alzheimer’s disease, encephalitis and prolonged substance abuse. Moreover, some short-term conditions that lessen mental acuity also exist such as high stress and fatigue levels, distractions, external and external interruptions. Table 1 below illustrates the various definitions of acuity as found in the review of literature. Education, Medicine, Psychology, and Nursing Despite the fact that there are some different terminologies and views in the definition of acuity in the various disciplines, a common theme that spans across all the definitions of acuity is that the concept measures something. In all of the definitions, it is evident that acuity denotes the degree to which something being described by the various disciplines manifests itself. For instance, in medicine, acuity denotes the degree to which an illness is severe, or the extent to which an illness requires urgent medical attention. Visual acuity refers to the range to which a person is capable of seeing clearly at a certain distance (Pelosini et al., 2012). In the context of nursing, acuity refers to the aggregate of the nursing services required, which may be in the form of the level of difficulty of the nursing care needs (Buerhaus, 2009), the level of demand for the nursing skills and service (Boudreaux, Friedman, Chansky, Baumann, 2004), the level of patient’s dependence on the nursing staff (Hughes, 2008), the amount of time required to offer nursing care, and the amount of nursing care (Arling, Kane, Mueller, Lewis, 2007). Similarly, in psychology it is evident that acuity denotes the amount of the psychological element being defined; for instance, acuity may denote the severity of the psychological distress, cognition and memory, and sharpness of the mind (Turnage, Kennedy, Smith, Baltzley, Lane, 1992). A similar approach is evident in the definition of acuity in the field of education. From all the definitions, acute represents the smallest degree of whatever is being defined. For instance in medicine, a disease that requires the most urgent medical attention is considered acute. Similarly, a serious psychological distress can be considered acute such as acute depression, implying that it is severe. In mental or intellectual acuity, people with high degrees of sharpness, concentration can be considered to have acute intelligence. Among the various definitions of acuity in the various fields, it is evident that the field of nursing offers the most comprehensive definition of acuity. The definition of acuity in nursing spans focuses on complexity, workload and nursing care needs, which all represent intensity. The nursing care needs represent the amount and concentration of nursing care required – high acuity demands more nursing care and vice versa. Nursing workload with respect to acuity represents the time required in offering the nursing care as well as the level to which a patient relies on nursing staff. Complexity symbolizes the degree of difficulty of the care requirements and the demand for the nursing skills and services. Overall, the definition of nursing is multi-dimensional, as opposed to the definition of acuity in other disciplines, which focus only on a single aspect. Concept Use In order to provide a further clarification of the concept of acuity, it is necessary to examine the different uses and situations involving the usage of the concept. In order to delineate the use of the concept of acuity, it is imperative to establish the attributes associated with the concept. In this respect, the attributes associated with acuity revealed four uses and situations where â€Å"acuity† could be applied, which included patient-related acuity, non-patient related acuity, provider-related acuity, and system-related acuity (Hughes, 2008; Boudreaux, Friedman, Chansky, Baumann, 2004; Cherry, 2003; Chin Muramatsu, 2003). Patient-related acuity emphasizes on the onset of an illness or the timing of the medication intervention such as the treatment of a disease. For instance, high patient acuity could be used when a patient requires urgent medical attention. Patient-related acuity can also be used in differentiating care facilities in terms of those providing long-term care and acute care facilities. Acute care facilities attend to patients with high patient acuity; that is, those requiring urgent medical attention. This is in contrast to long-term care facilities that attend to patients with low acuity. Acute care can also involve the patient receiving active albeit short-term treatment to severe injury. Acute care is in contrast to longer-term care or chronic care. Patient-related acuity can also be used in describing the severity of the illness. An example of the inflammatory acuity, which denotes the extent of the actual inflammatory process, or with respect to a particular illness such as chronic kidney disease or an acute cold. Emergency departments use the term injury acuity for triage purposes. In addition, psychological acuity can be used to represent the severity of a psychological disease such as acute depression. It is evident that in patient-related acuity, the use of acute implies the highest level of severity, requiring urgent attention, and nursing care administered on a short-term basis. This is in contrast with chronic, which represents the need for long-term care. Chronic and acute are on the opposite ends of the patient condition spectrum (Abualrub, 2007). In the context of patient-related acuity, the intensity of nursing care and illness severity can be used in determining the level of patient acuity. It is imperative to note that intensity and severity aspects of acuity are similar, and their uses overlap. Intensity and severity can be utilized interchangeably to refer to the type, duration and amount of nursing care needs required by a particular group of patients. Intensity and severity can also refer to the seriousness of the illness (Abualrub, 2007). The concept of acuity can also be used in non-medical settings to represent keenness or sharpness in various domains including sensation, social intellectual, and coming to a point. With respect to sensation, there are numerous uses of acuity including visual acuity (Pelosini, et al., 2012), tactile acuity, spatial acuity, sensory acuity (Turnage, Kennedy, Smith, Baltzley, Lane, 1992), proprioceptive acuity, perceptual acuity, olfactory acuity, and auditory acuity (Cherry Reed, 2007). Visual acuity is the most commonly used in the non-patient acuity and refers to the clearness and acuteness of one’s vision. Auditory acuity refers to the ability to trace a sound in a given space (Rischbieth, 2006). Essentially, auditory acuity places emphasis on localization acuity. With respect to coming to a point, papers that used this description of the concept of acuity referred to positioning or repositioning of the sense acuity. These papers had the main objective of determining a quantitative error of measure in regards to the positioning of joints in order to relive pain, facilitate a motion range, and come up with diagnostic techniques as well as rehabilitation programs that can be applied to joint-related injuries. In the intellectual domain, intellectual acuity is mostly used when referring to memory and cognition (Cherry, 2003). An example of this could be the strategies that are utilized in helping elderly people maintain their mental capacities and capabilities during aging, and interventions and medicines utilized improving attentiveness and memory among others. Social acuity is used to refer to keenness, sensibility and social awareness with respect to one’s ability to interact with other individuals socially (Salvia, Ysseldyke, Bolt, 20 12; Rischbieth, 2006). Provider-related acuity refers to the intensity of nursing care required for a patient. In this case, intensity represents the care burden that a patient imposes on the nursing staff in regards to surveillance, mental concentration, skills and time in order to satisfy the needs of the patient. The intensity aspect of acuity can be looked at in three ways: in terms of complexity, workload, and care needs (Boudreaux, Friedman, Chansky, Baumann, 2004; Chin Muramatsu, 2003; Pelosini, et al., 2012). Complexity in provider-related acuity refers to the level of difficulty of the medical and nursing care needs of the patient, which involves physicians and nurses’ surveillance, concentration and skill needed to offer care services for patient(s). Workload is an attribute of acuity, whereby high patient acuity requires a high nursing workload. In this respect, high patient acuity is described by a decrease in the period of stay for patients and an escalation in the illness severity (H ughes, 2008). Nursing workload usually denotes a surge in the demand for nursing skills and services, and measures the nursing requirements to satisfy the needs of a patient (Arling, Kane, Mueller, Lewis, 2007; Cherry Reed, 2007). With respect to nursing care needs, it is evident that the severity of the illness often determines the nursing care needs; as a result, there is a close relationship between the intensity and severity aspects of acuity. Seriousness of the illness can be perceived as the amount of nursing resources and care utilized by the patient. Intensity can be looked at in terms of the amount of time needed to offer care to the patient. Some of the measures of nursing intensity could include the nursing intensity weights, and the nursing hours per patient per day (Abualrub, 2007). Other aspects of provider related acuity include the extent to which the patient depends on the nursing staff for their health care needs, which is sometimes referred to as nursing depende ncy. Patient severity could also be used to describe the nursing interventions and the amount and type of nursing care activities (direct and indirect) that are needed for the patient. Other measures of patient severity aspect of provider-related acuity can include patient debility and functional status. With respect to provider-related acuity, based on the review of literature, it can be argued that high acuity requires more nursing care, an increased workload, and complex patient needs; the case is the oppose for low acuity patients. System-related acuity is concerned with the pairing of attributes of acuity with other concepts. The uses of system-related acuity include triage/urgency, classification system and case mix. Urgency/triage are used in emergency medicine settings in ascertaining the severity of illness in order to ensure that the patient is matched with the suitable nursing and medical requirements (Abualrub, 2007; Craig Huber, 2007; Rischbieth, 2006). Classification systems are used in pairing acuity with nursing costs. In this context, acuity denotes the amount of care required. This often involves measuring the patient characteristics in order to ascertain the amount of nursing resources required and determine the nursing assignments. In addition, the classification systems can be used to match and predict staffing needs with respect to the patient needs. Case-mix is also an aspect of system-related acuity and is concerned with the number of patients in a given hospital who can be put in the same group depending on their nursing care needs. The case mix determines the resource utilization needed by a patient grouped in every category (Abualrub, 2007). Patients can also be grouped in accordance with the illness severity and the intensity of care. Acuity measurements can also be utilized in a number of other predictions such as the assignment of patients to nurses or case managers, budgeting, staffing, costs of care, mortality and morbidity (Abualrub, 2007). Antecedents The nursing work environment is continuously evolving, which as a result has increased the demands placed on nurses while at the same time increasing the distance between the nurse and patient, requiring the presence and attention of nurses. There is widespread agreement in the literature that patient acuity is rising, which can be attributed to a number of factors. The first factor is the shortened length of patient stay in hospitals as hospitals embark on reengineering their workflows in order to lessen delays. This reengineering has focuses on nursing care and nurses through various. For instance, a hospital can adopt a screening tool aimed at enabling nurses to recognize patients who may require physical therapy as well as produce early consultation to be undertaken with the physical therapy department. Moreover, other hospitals are modifying their discharge procedures in order to make sure that the discharge takes place early during the day in order to accommodate patients being transferred from emergency rooms and surgery. Moreover, other hospitals have embarked on enhancing multidisciplinary rounds in order to make sure that all departments within the hospital have adequate information in a timely manner. It is evident that all of these changes have resulted in novel demands of the nursing staff’s time and has lessened the nurse-time for lower-intensity patients. An increase in throughput results in a high rate of admissions, which increases the demands placed on the nurses’ time. In addition, the durations of patient stay are also being reduced because of the fact that patients are being discharged at a faster rate to post-acute care in home health and skilled nursing facilities. The outcome of faster discharge is an increase in patient acuity in both hospitals and patients placed under post-acute care. Therefore, nursing in post-acute care and hospital care are handling higher acuity patients. According to Lang, Hodge, Olson, Romano, Kravitz (2004), the rising patient acuity and the novel work demands posed by the modified workflow cannot be addressed using higher nursing staffing levels; instead, there is the need to change the manner in which nursing staff use their time. The second factor contributing to patient acuity is an increase in demand for nursing services because of the aging of the population. It is projected that from 2000 through 2020, the population will grow by 18% (Duffield OBrien-Pallas, 2003; Lang, Hodge, Olson, Romano, Kravitz, 2004). In addition, the population growth for the over-65 population will be 54%, which translates to an increase in healthcare needs by this population. Studies have affirmed that the population is aging, and that elderly people comprise a considerable and growing percentage of people being admitted in hospitals and emergency departments. Elderly people usually develop complex health illnesses that are likely to result in chronic diseases. In addition, in hospital settings, elderly patients have reported relatively higher adverse events rates as well as higher chances of becoming deconditioned. According to Duffield OBrien-Pallas (2003), nurses must use all means necessary to avoid prolonging the duration of stay in hospitals for older patients, which requires the use of care models that shun deconditioning while at the same time promoting functioning. In addition, it is imperative to note that an increase in the demand for acute services has increased consistently during the last decades, with older people comprising of the fastest increasing population of those admitted for acute services. Lankshear, Sheldon, Maynard (2005) notes that the increased demand for acute services goes hand in hand with the decrease in the number of available acute hospital beds as well as the increased use of early patient discharge models. The clinical needs and problems of elderly patients are significantly different from the needs and problems presented by younger people (Craig Huber, 2007; Mazzocco, Feigenson, Halberda, 2011). A majority of elderly patients are often admitted with either sub-acute or acute illness that manifests itself ambiguously and is likely to be characterized by functional and mental deterioration. In addition, elderly patients are likely to have multifaceted social needs and several co-morbidities. Studies have shown that elderly have a lesser likelihood of being cleared from acute units. Moreover, when they are admitted, they are more likely to stay in the hospital for longer durations. Elderly patients also have higher rates of readmission (Abualrub, 2007). The healthcare cost pressure has also been associated with the increase in patient acuity. The increase in the use of managed care during the 1990s played a pivotal role in increasing the cost pressure, especially in hospitals employing large numbers of registered nurses. During the 1990s, places with higher enrollments of managed care were characterized by slower employment growth and wage growth for registered nurses when compared to places having lower enrollments. With the spread of managed care, the employment and wage growth for registered nurses fell at the national level in the late 1990s (Hall, Doran, Pink, 2004). This resulted in changes in hospital payment systems in order to lower spending and reduce the duration of patient stay in hospitals. Therefore, registered nurses in hospitals treat patients who are averagely sick although the intensity of their work increased, contributing to patient acuity (Lankshear, Sheldon, Maynard, 2005; Rischbieth, 2006). The nursing work environment and workload have also been linked to patient acuity. As a response to the increasing cost pressure, hospitals embarked on cutting the staffing levels and adopted mandatory overtime policies aimed at ensuring the availability of nurses during unanticipated increases in the number of patients admitted. The outcome has been an increase in nursing workload. In addition, this has resulted in a reduced nurses’ control with respect to weekend and night work. A direct implication of the increased workload could have been an increase in the wages of nurses; however, their wages have actually remained constant, which can be attributed to the increased competition in the healthcare industry. Increased workload contributes to high patient acuity in two ways. First, it reduces the nursing time and resources available to a patient. Second, it contributes to nursing shortage since it discourages people from entering or remaining in the nursing profession. Studie s have affirmed that nurses with higher patient loads (workloads) report higher burnout and dissatisfaction. Consequences Numerous studies have reported a significant relationship between the levels of nursing staffing (patient acuity) and the quality of care for patients in both nursing homes and hospitals. For instance, a study conducted by Unruh (2003) reported that increasing the number of hours of nursing care per day per patient is related to improved health outcomes such as reduced duration of stay; reduced rates of illnesses including cardiac arrest, pneumonia, gastrointestinal bleeding, and urinary tract infections; and reduced mortality associated with complications. Another study by Lankshear, Sheldon, Maynard (2005) revealed that increasing the number of patients per nurse (patient load) increases the probability of patients dying. Specifically, the study reported that, for each patient increased for each nurse, there is a 7% increased chance of death within one month of admission. The researchers also indicated that, for each patient increased per nurse, there is a 7% increase in the proba bility of dying from complications. In the context of nursing homes, studies have also reported a relationship between the quality of care and staffing levels (patient acuity) (Lankshear, Sheldon, Maynard, 2005). Studies have also documented the outcomes associated with increased nursing workload, which is an attribute of patient-related acuity (Hall, Doran, Pink, 2004; Hall, Doran, Pink, 2004; Hughes, 2008). The workload on nurses can be grouped into three categories including the unit, job, and patient levels. At the unit level, the nurse-patient ration is often used in measuring the level of nurse workload. Studies have reported that increased nursing workloads (lower nurse-patient ratio) can negatively affect patient outcomes. As a result, it has been suggested that increasing the number of nursing staff in a unit and reducing the number of patients that are assigned to a single nurse can help in enhancing patient care (Unruh, 2003). Nevertheless, these suggestions are not feasible because of nursing shortages and costs. At the job level, the extent of the nursing workload is determined by the specialty such as operating nurse versus Intensive Care Unit nurse. Studies have reported a re lationship between job-level nursing workload and nursing outcomes like job satisfaction and stress. At the patient level, the extent of the workload depends on the patient’s clinical condition. Several empirical studies have explored relationship between nursing workload and patient outcomes (Duffield OBrien-Pallas, 2003; Hughes, 2008). Increased nurse workload is associated with sub-optimal patient outcomes as well as lessened patient satisfaction (Rothberg, Abraham, Lindenauer, Rose, 2005; Unruh, 2003). The majority of the research studies exploring the effect of nursing workload on patient outcomes have placed an emphasis on the nursing staffing levels – an attribute of patient acuity. For instance, reduced levels of nursing staffing has been associated with increased rates of pneumonia. In this regard, Unruh (2003) reported that increasing the number working hours of nurses by 1 hour per patient day results in an 8.9% increase in the likelihood of surgical patients developing pneumonia. The study also reported that higher pneumonia rates for units that staff fewer nurses. The levels of nursing staffing have also been reported to have an effect on nosocomial infections. In this respect, increasing the number of nursing hours for a patient resulted in a decrease in the rates of urinary tract infection (Hal l, Doran, Pink, 2004). The understaffing of nursing personnel has also been associated with an increase in the prevalence of E cloacae (Rischbieth, 2006). Evidence also suggests that nurse-staffing levels have an effect on mortality and failure to rescue. For instance, increasing the number of hours of registered nurses care per day resulted in reduced rates of failure to rescue. In addition, lower nurse-patient rations have been associated with an increase in the length of stay for admitted patients; specifically, a nurse patient ratio of 1:2 for the case of evening shifts results in a 20% increase in the duration of stay (Duffield OBrien-Pallas, 2003). Moreover, increased working hours are associated with a reduction in the duration of stay (Buerhaus, 2009). Nursing workload does not only affect patient outcomes but nursing hours as well. There is no doubt that nursing workload has an impact on the time available for a nurse allocate for the various tasks. When the workload is high, nurses are unlikely to have adequate time in undertaking tasks having a direct impact on patient outcome. In addition, increased workload for nurses is likely to lessen the time that nurses spend communicating with other physicians, monitoring patients, and make use of safe practices. For instance, nurses may have no time to conform medications. Increased workload for nurses also resulted in decreased motivation and dissatisfaction, which can lead to reduced morale, increased absenteeism, increased organizational turnover, reduced job performance, and poor quality of care. Stress and burnout have also been associated with increased workload for nurses, which can contribute to medical errors because of the reduced attention that nurses put on performing critic al tasks. Nursing workload has also been associated with work-around and violations among nursing staff. Violations comprise of nurses intentionally deviating from established practices that are necessary to guarantee safe operations and improved health outcomes. In this respect, increased nursing workload has been established to increase the difficulty of nurses adhering to guidelines and rules, which in turn can compromise quality of care and patient safety. An example of violation is insufficient hand washing. Moreover, increased nursing workload increases the probability of making errors during decision-making; this is because high workload increases high cognitive workload, which can result in mistakes, lapses or slips. An example of this is nurses forgetting to administer drugs to patients. Rationale for Antecedents, Criteria and Consequences Selection The antecedent healthcare cost pressure was excluded from the table because it has no direct impact on patients. It is evident that the cost pressures on hospitals can be attributed to the competitive nature of the healthcare industry rather than patient-related and nurse-related factors. Nurses and patients are only on the receiving end in the sense that hospitals have to respond to cost pressures by cutting staffing levels, which ultimately affects patients, albeit indirectly. Essentially, because of the cost pressures, hospitals have changed their payment systems in order to cut spending and reduce the duration of patient stay in hospitals. Therefore, registered nurses in hospitals treat patients who are moderately sick although the intensity of their work has increased, contributing to patient acuity. The underlying argument is that, although they indirectly affect patient acuity, they cannot be used in determining the nursing care requirements by patients. In included shortened length of stay, high demand for nurses because of an aging population and nursing workload because they have a direct effect on the amount of nursing care resources allocated to a patient. The criteria intensity of nurse work and clinical condition of the patient were used because they are measures that can be used in determining the staffing levels – an attribute of patient acuity. In addition, the nurse-patient ratio was included as a criterion because it is a measure of the nurse workload – also an attribute of patient acuity. Increased patient acuity was included in the consequences because of the resulting effect associated with increased demand for nurses and shortened length of patient stay. In addition, I synthesized the negative patient outcomes associated with nursing workload as poor health outcomes, and negative nurse outcomes such as poor job satisfaction, low motivation and morale, and increased burnout and stress, which are all linked to higher patient acuity. Personal Definitions of Concept The severity aspect of acuity can be used to refer to the patient’s psychological and physical status, which is the clinical condition of the patient. The intensity aspect of acuity represents the nursing care requirements and needs of the patient, which can be used to refer to the nursing workload for a particular patient or a group of patients. Therefore, the nursing workload depends on the intensity of care needs, which further depends on the illness severity. From this, acuity can be defined as the degree of illness severity and the corresponding workload intensity that required for the patient. It is imperative note that this definition incorporates both patient needs and the corresponding care required from the nurse. The association between intensity and severity aspect of patient acuity can be both non-linear and linear. For instance, Lankshear, Sheldon, Maynard (2005) pointed out that a direct positive relationship exists between patient acuity and the intensity of n ursing care, which suggests that, with an increase in the severity of illness, the nursing care needs increase. Nevertheless, the association between intensity of care and illness severity can also be influenced by the treatment goals. For instance, the nursing care requirements for a patient who have undergone a bone marrow transplant is likely to increase with respect to illness severity in instances where the treatment plan draws upon curative care when compared to a treatment plan that draws upon palliative care (Arling, Kane, Mueller, Lewis, 2007). The association between intensity of care and illness severity is linear to a degree to which the patient decides to decline further treatment. At this point, the nursing care requirements are significantly reduced whereas the severity of the illness remains high. In the same light, patients needing long-term care may need complex interventions and therapies despite the fact that their illness severity is relatively stable relative to a patient that requires short-term care (high acuity patient) (Rothberg, Abraham, Lindenauer, Rose, 2005). In order to further clarify the concept of acuity, it is imperative to develop an operational definition that can be used in measuring acuity. In this regard, two attributes of acuity can be measured including provider-related and patient-related acuity. Provider-related acuity focuses on the measures intensity, which can be measured using nursing care needs in terms of amount, nursing care needs in terms of time, workload and complexity of care. The nursing care needs measured in terms of the amount, can be assessed by counting data about the number of tasks/activities accomplished for a single patient within 24 hours (Buerhaus, 2009). Nursing Intensity Weights can also be used in assessing the nursing care needs, which is based on a scale that ranges from 1 to 5 based on the nursing care requirements with higher scores indicating higher requirements (Abualrub, 2007). The nursing care needs in terms of time can be measured using the nursing hours per patient day (HPPD) and the minut es needed for particular indirect and direct care activities. Workload can be determined by using count data relating to nursing needs indicators. The care complexity is a categorical variable that depends on primary diagnosis, needs of the patient, and the case manager activities. Patient-related acuity can be measured using the Acute Physiology, Age, Chronic, Health Evaluation (APACHE), which is a weighted score relating to the patient physiological status including chronic health and age (Craig Huber, 2007). Conceptual Framework This concept analysis of acuity has a number of implications for nursing research and practices. For nursing researchers, it is imperative to distinguish the acuity attribute that is being researched between severity (patient-related acuity) and intensity (provider-related). With respect to practices, it is evident that there are no consistent tool that is being used in measuring acuity, especially when measuring provider-related acuity. This is because the developers of these tools were not precise regarding the acuity attribute being measured. Therefore, these tools used in measuring acuity were not helpful in clinical situations. It is imperative to develop the tools for measuring acuity by drawing upon sound conceptual framework in order to affirm their relevance as well as validity for a specific patient population. From this concept analysis paper, I have discovered that patient acuity is a multifaceted concept that should be analyzed from both the provider and patient perspect ive, after which the two perspectives should be reconciled in order to match the patient requirements with the amount of nursing care provided in terms of amount and time.

Sandoval Surname Meaning and Origin

Sandoval Surname Meaning and Origin The Spanish surname Sandoval is a geographical or habitational last name derived from any of the places named Sandoval, in particular, the village of Sandoval de la Reina in the Spanish province of Burgos. The place name Sandoval originated as Sannoval, from the Latin saltus, meaning grove or forest, plus novalis, or newly cleared land. Sandoval is the 55th most common Hispanic surname. Surname origin:Â  Spanish, PortugueseAlternate surname spellings:Â  De Sandoval, Sandobal, De Sandobal, Sandovel Famous People With the Surname Brian Sandoval: Nevada governor.Pablo Sandoval: Giants MLB third baseman.Vicente Sandoval: President of Guatemala in the 1960sManuel Sandoval Vallarta: Mexican physicist, best known for his study of cosmic rays Where Do People With This Surname Live? According to Public Profiler: World Names the majority of individuals with the Sandoval surname live in Argentina, followed by concentrations in the United States, Austria, France, and Switzerland. Public Profiler doesnt include information from all countries, however, including Mexico and Venezuela. Genealogy Resources GeneaNet - Sandoval Records: GeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Sandoval surname, with a concentration on records and families from France, Spain, and other European countries.Sandoval Family Genealogy Forum: Search this popular genealogy forum for the Sandoval surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Sandoval query.FamilySearch - Sandoval Genealogy: Find historical records, queries, and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Sandoval surname and its variations. References Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German Jewish Surnames. Avotaynu, 2005.Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Avotaynu, 2004.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Californias Cultural Evolution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Californias Cultural Evolution - Essay Example There are many literatures romanticizing the richness of its civilization but the fact remains that these social groups were hunters and gatherers with some already having some semblance of agricultural knowledge. When the Spaniards came with their swords and their cross, the bow and arrow wielding natives were forced to become 'civilized' which stood for adapting and tailoring their customs and habits according to European culture. The Native Americans who were conquered soon became mini Spaniards because they shifted their beliefs and customs to mimic those of the colonizers and most importantly, they traded their native tongue for Spanish words. Although many native groups which were left alone resumed their hunting and gathering orientation, most of the inhabitants of California have become agriculturally oriented especially with the establishment of Ranchos. These areas were the land where cattle and sheep were raised. It was granted by the Spanish and Mexican regimes to encourage settlement. The domestic animals soon became important exports such as cow hides and fat used to make candles and soaps. Not only were they affected in language and way of subsistence, they also experienced the religious transformation that had become the mark of Spanish colonies. This was due to the California Missions which saw the construction religious outposts of major sects of Christian religion such as the Dominicans and the Jesuits. These missions were also the avenue thru which European livestock, fruits, vegetables and industry entered the California region. From their old set of animistic beliefs, which others in the past would call as pagan, the Native Americans became Christian primarily because they had no choice but to wield to the interests of the colonizers who had superior arms. The Gold Rush Mexicans broke the Spanish rule only to be replaced by Americans during the Mexican-American War in 1846. American domination paved the way for the occurrence of events which would radically transform the society of California. Two years after the American conquest of California, gold was discovered at Sutter's Mill in the Sierra Nevada foothills. The discovery led to a remarkable event in California's history and is aptly termed as the Gold Rush. With the discovery came an exodus of miners, merchants and bankers into the region. It was estimated that in 1855, about 300,000 Forty-Niners or those hoping to get a piece of gold arrived in the region. California saw a precipitous rise in settlements especially along San Francisco Bay. The significance of the Gold Rush was that it transformed the formerly agricultural region to a mining and profit oriented society though agriculture was still an integral part. This had the effect of bringing in capital to the region thereby sponsoring a boom in infrastructures and developments in housing and education. The immigrants were by no means illiterate and untrained. In fact, they were highly skilled and trained in their profession. The immigrants had knowledge as teamsters, draymen, lighter men, riggers, stevedores, bakers,

Relationships between climate and river flow in the Alps Essay

Relationships between climate and river flow in the Alps - Essay Example annual totals of river flow (discharge) in the Massa, which drains from Grosser Aletschgletscher, measured at Blatten-bei-Naters, for the same months ( x 106 m3 )(C). Annual totals of river flow in the Gornera, which drains from Gornergletscher, measured 0.75 km from the glacier terminus, for the months June through September( x 106 m3 )(D), and annual totals of precipitation (mm) between October (year-1) through May of the given year at Grà ¤chen (E), often called P10-5. Both of the glaciers are in tributary valleys of the upper Rhone basin in Kanton Wallis, Switzerland hence are likely to have had very much the same pattern of climatic events over the 30-year period. Hence, runoff from the two basins is likely to be strongly correlated. The Swiss Alps lie within Switzerland and the north is drained by Inn, Rhine and Rhone rivers, which empty into Black and Mediterranean seas whereas the south is drained by Ticno River, which empties into Adriatic Sea. The pattern for Gornera river flow is uniform over the 30 years period with the highest flow being at around 1993. The flow for river Massa is however not keeps changing at quite big margins over the period. Both rivers however have the highest flow at around the same period, which is in 1993. (5) Calculate the Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient between the two series. [Choose an empty cell on the spreadsheet – say G1 – and clickthere. In the text bar type = and then select CORREL from the drop down menu. Correlation coefficients are usually reported to two decimal places. Format cell number, decimal places 2, enters]. How well are the two series correlated? Are there any periods when the series are not moving in tandem? The Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient shows the correlation between two variables. (6) Summer discharge from glacierised basins is likely to fairly strongly influenced by energy availability for melting snow and ice. Plot the xyscattergrams

Public Police and Private Security Essay Example for Free

Public Police and Private Security Essay Abstract         Public police and private security agencies will hardly find a compromise. Public police votes for limitation of private security rights. Private security becomes more popular with the increasing criminalization of the society. In reality, the objectives of public police and private security significantly differ.       The increasing popularity of private security agencies has raised substantial concern among the public police officers. The objectives of public police and private security differ, but public police agencies fear that private security will bury traditional policing standards, and will replace the major policies objectives and responsibilities.          In the general structure of public policing responsibilities, private security guards traditionally fulfill â€Å"supporting roles†. By hiring contractors, some federal agencies save up to 50 percent of their traditional expenditures. â€Å"One firm provides security for six major public transit systems around the country, transports prisoners, maintains booking and security for a juvenile assessment center, and supplies security for court houses in 40 states† (Youngs, 2004). Although private security agencies possess full range of policing equipment, personnel, and opportunities, such agencies are permanently restricted from fully participating in public policing. Potentially, private security and public policing could have similar objectives, but public policing remains purely a state structure. Public police agencies use private security firms to concentrate on their major tasks. In many aspects, these strategies remind outsourcing principles, which are often employed business. In Ontario, private security was given some freedom â€Å"to observe, report, and deter [†¦] elsewhere private security companies are offering quasi-police services in low-income housing projects† (Harman, 2000). Although private security and public policing could effectively combine their efforts, and work for the decrease of criminalization in the country, public policing insists on the fact that public police and private security cannot follow the same objectives.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Public policing continues fulfilling its â€Å"traditional crime-fighting duties. Private security carry out their mission of protecting their companies or clients’ people, property, and information, while at the same time serving the homeland security objectives† (COPS, 2004). Private security and public policing are still too far from joining their efforts and objectives for the benefit of criminal situation in society. References COPS. (2004). Private security / Public policing. Harman, A. (2000). Private security use debated. Law Order, 48 (6), pp. 125-126. Youngs, A. (2004). The future of public / private partnerships. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 73 (1), pp. 7-12.

Shakespeares Macbeth - Innocent and Naive Macbeth :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Innocent and Naive Macbeth      Ã‚  Ã‚   Innocence is a quality that few people take to their grave, although all are born with it. At some point in one's life, an event or circumstance removes that shield from both moral and legal guilt, whether in one's own eyes or in the eyes of another. In such a case, innocence is cast off, or innocence can be stolen. Both are true of Macbeth in William Shakespeare's tragic work Macbeth. The hero's innocence and naà ¯vetà © make him vulnerable prey for those who feel completely at home in a subhuman realm of malice and disintegration - the witches and Lady Macbeth. Inevitably, Macbeth is eventually worn down enough to be pushed into this dark and evil abyss by his wife, Lady Macbeth, who leaps frantically in after him to join the witches where they are most at home. The robbery of Macbeth's innocence begins with allowing the witches to brainwash him with their predictions forcing him to step closer and closer to the edge of their dismal abyss. They take advantage of the surplus of ambition that had served him so well in his desire for victory over Macdonwald and use it to instill in him the need to be King. Still, desire is not enough for Macbeth and he is thus driven "to seek certainty as his one objective. He wants certainty from the witches . . . at whatever cost" (Campbell 228). Macbeth, however, is not completely lost yet; honour and justice remain in him, and although it takes him some time to fully consider the consequences of the witches' words on him, he rejects his horrible thoughts of murder and postpones all action: "If chance will have me king, why,chance may crown me, / Without my stir" (I. iii.143-144). For the time being, Macbeth's true essence is in control, that of loyalty and honour. However, Macbeth again undergoes a change of heart in scene four, at the announcement of Malcolm as the Prince of Cumberland and as successor to the throne of Scotland, the same throne upon which Macbeth had his eyes set upon. The effect of the King's proclamation on him can be seen through his reaction: The Prince of Cumberland! that is a step, On which I must fall down, or else o'er-leap, For in my way it lies. Stars, hide your fires! Let not light see my black and deep desires; The eye wink at the hand; yet let that be, Which the eye fears, when it is done, to see .

Back to School Speech by Obama Essay

This essay is about President Barack Obama’s speech â€Å" Back to school â€Å" which he held September 8th 2009 at the Wakefield High School in Arlington, Virginia. The overall message in the speech is whether young people are taking school serious and understand the importance of hard work. Not only for themselves but also for the future of the country. â€Å"Hello everyone – how’s everybody doing today? I’m here with students at Wakefield High School in Arlington, Virginia.† I know that for many of you, today is the first day of school. And for those of you in kindergarten, or starting middle or high school, it’s your first day in a new school, so it’s understandable if you’re a little nervous.† Obama is starting out by addressing his audience like a father figure, trying to reach all realities in the audience by mentioning all the grades. He is making himself real to the audience, presenting himself as a guy who is down to earth. â€Å"Some of you are probably wishing it were still summer, and you could’ve stayed in bed just a little longer this morning† And already in line 10 â€Å"I know that feeling†. He is referring to his own life. He is explaining how he had to get up 4.30 every morning to study with his mom, and how he wasn’t too happy getting up that early. Here he is making himself real to the audience, explaining something from his childhood that they will understand. So here he is using pathos appealing to the feelings. From line 20, it’s like he is changing from being the friend of the audience to his role as the president of the United States again.â€Å" But I’m here today because I have something important to discuss with you.† From line 25, 30 and 35 he is revealing the essence of his speech. His message is that it is ones own commitment and hard work that will make one succeed in life. â€Å"You can have the most dedicated teachers and supportive parents, but unless you individually takes responsibility nothing of this is very helpful.† In line 40 and 50 he is more friendly againâ€Å" Every single one of you has something you’re good at. Every single one of you has something to offer. † He is motivating the audience by saying that every person has something that they’re good at, that everyone has a important role In the American society. Obama is also very good at mentioning things many people can relate to in his speech. â€Å"Maybe even good enough to come up with the next iPhone. â€Å" Here he is mentioning the iphone that most children can relate to. From line 50 to 75 he talks more about morals again. He is very seriously talking about how everyone needs to have an education to get a job, and how it takes hard work. More important in Obama’s speech is that your education not only decides ones own future, but ones country’s future. Obama is really good to alternate between being judgmental and understanding through the speech, for example in the line â€Å" Every single one of you has something you’re good at. Every single one of you has something to offer.† He is very understanding and encouraging to the people, before he with this sentences; â€Å" If you don’t do that – if you quit on school – you’re not just quitting on yourself, you’re quitting on your country. Is being very judgmental. From line 75 to 85 Obama is again being more understanding. Obama explains his personal difficulties from his own childhood, and that he understands school isn’t always easy. Obama explains how his father left the family when he was 2 years old, and that he was raised by a single mother without much money. â€Å"There were times when I missed having a father in my life. There were times when I was lonely and felt like I didn’t fit in.† Obama then talks about how he through hard work was fortunate to go to college and follow his dream, to attempt law school. In this part of the speech Obama is using ethos. He is trying to be trustworthy. From line 95 Obama again set himself up as the country father. He explains that there is no excuse for having a bad attitude and also no excuse for not trying hard and giving your best towards education. From line 100â€Å" Where you are right now doesn’t have to determine where you’ll end up. No one’s written your destiny for you.† Obama is referring to the American dream. Mentioning personal freedom and responsibility for ones own destiny. He explains that with hard work you can accomplish everything you want, no matter background or social rank. From the line 105 – 110 – 115 Obama is stressing his statement by giving some concrete examples about how real people with all sorts of difficulties, made it through hard work and determination. This is an example of logos, because he is giving concrete examples that are supportive to the message of the speech. From line 170 he is again referring to the American dream. â€Å"The story of America isn’t about people who quit when things got tough. It’s about people who kept going, who tried harder, who loved their country too much to do anything less than their best. â€Å" At the end of the speech from line 175 to 185 Obama is talking about America as a culture surviving through many decades.â€Å" It’s the story of students who sat where you sit 250 years ago, and went on to wage a revolution and found this nation â€Å" Obama ask the audiences what they will do to pass on the American culture, and what people in about 50 years will remember from this time. And so he puts some positive pressure on the kids, hoping to get them to understand their responsibility to secure the American dream and culture in the future.

British Literature Essay

Literature is one of the most effective ways to protest against the society, iniquities in this society. From early times writers and poets used rhythms and stories for ridiculing the upper class of a society. Why do poets use poems to tell about social injustices? The answer is simple. This way a poet can catch and hold the reader’s attention, his emotions. Usually poets in their works present facts in order to capture attention of many people. These are not new facts that are presented to an audience. From early times poets used the words effectively to make people think about the situation and make want them to act in order to change the present state of things. Poets and writers know the exact words and phrases that can influence people’s attitude to this or that situation so that they start acting. Poems are always aimed to reach feelings of people and thus, to pull strings. Literature of every state shows all the complexity of every epoch. When the situation is the same at several countries, it has a worldwide significance. Before talking about poetry, we should answer the question: What is poetry? Poetry is a special way of describing situations, things, ideas, feelings. Poets present their ideas in short phrases. They use rhythm to emphasize their feelings and ideas. Besides, a poet can appeal to reader’s emotions via poems. That is why a poem is easily remembered. A poem can be compared to a photograph as it reflects real life, real situations and feelings. In a poem a poet captures the exact moment and represents it the way he/she has seen it. When you read a poem you see the poet’s subjective evaluation of facts, situations and the epoch in general. Poets of Romantic Movement wrote their poems to share their feelings. They wrote to help people understand their time from the poet’s point of view. This paper is about Romantic Movement in Great Britain. It is devoted to William and Dorothy Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Lord Byron, William Blake, Robert Burns, Mary Wollstonecraft and Joanna Baillie who became a radical group in British literature of their epoch. In the paper special attention is paid to the use of lyric poetry (ballads) and blank verse in poetry of the nineteenth century. British poetry. â€Å"The poem on the page is only a shadow of the poem in the mind. And the poem in the mind is only a shadow of the poetry and the mystery of the things of this word.†   Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Stanley Kunitz Before analyzing the British poetry of the nineteenth century it is necessary to mention the changes in political, industrial, scientific and cultural spheres of life of that time and caused the changes in British literature having challenged the standards of form and structure in poetry. From 1776 the American and French Revolutions and later the Industrial Revolution astounded Great Britain and Europe and caused disturbances among people. In the second half of the century Charles Darwin published Origins of Species and The Descent of Man that caused the revolution in scientific thought. This was an unrest period and people were forced to evaluate their values and beliefs again. There is no wonder that the British poets changed their world outlook. The first stage of Romanticism in English literature began in 1790s. William Blake was the first major poet who reacted to these changes. His poems were far from standard patterns. The poetry of Blake is characterized by long, unrhymed lines, a steady interplay of opposites (Damrosch 458). A metaphor can be found in titles of Blake’s works. For instance, his series of poems: Songs of Innocence in 1789 and Songs of Experience in 1794; The Marriage of Heaven and Hell etc. Blake believed that opposites are integral parts of life. He wrote about things that we too often forget making the reader look at events from another point of view. Blake tried to use the joy of words. He used figurative language to describe things in an unusual, in a completely new way breaking down the traditions in poetry of his time. Blake’s beginnings were supported by the efforts of William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. They have written a collection of poems, anonymously authored, famous for its poems and its preface, entitled Lyrical Ballads in 1798. In the preface a poet deems that poems must regard ‘situations from life’ in ‘the everyday language’. Wordsworth describes poetry as ‘the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings’. This expression was the manifesto of the Romantic Movement in poetry presenting revolutionary idea for that time. Moreover, the poet emphasizes on the avoidance of artificial poetic style. He believes language must be understandable and enjoyable for ordinary people. Lyrical Ballads is one of the most significant books which became a major change in the history of English poetry (Damrosch 462). Poems from the collection are written in simple, everyday language. They are concentrated on the appreciation of the power of nature, examination of human personality, inner feelings, emotions and thought with an emphasis on imagination. Lyrical Ballads starts from Coleridge’s long poem Rime of the Ancient Mariner and continues with poems manifesting the nature appreciation, the superiority of emotions and feelings over reason. The romance emphasizes individuality, beauty of nature contrasting to formality and artificiality of the standards in poetry of that epoch. A collection contains Tintern Abbey, The Idiot Boy and other controversial poems of Wordsworth written in everyday language. Poets used an every day language before, thus, they did not use it so that they broke down the rules and standards. Samuel Taylor Coleridge is famous for marvelous The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and the ‘conversation poems’, for example, Frost at Midnight and This Lime-Tree Bower My Prison, as well as for his unfinished works Christabel and Kubla Khan, which is like an obsession that haunts your mind (Damrosch 466). Dorothy Wordsworth, William’s sister, is an English prose writer. Her famous Alfoxden Journal and invaluable Gramere Journals were published in 1897. Her works are full of imagination while describing nature and personalities of unusual qualities. Dorothy’s prose is sudden, clear and natural. You may disagree with her ideas or conclusions. However, the writer could possibly say that it is enough that a reader reflects on her ideas. William Wordsworth wrote many short poems which were aimed at breaking down neoclassical verse. He included new poems in the second edition of the collection – The Brothers and Michael. In his works the author tries to speak about life truthfully sharing his feelings with a reader. Sometimes they share ideas, sometimes – a question. These poems and marvelous lyrics were written in his great decade. Thus, the most famous poem of William Wordsworth is his autobiographical philosophical poem The Prelude. This is a spiritual autography in which the author puts questions of philosophical value, about the purpose of his existence, of his value as a poet. In this work William Wordsworth is the major hero. The author places imagination on the first place among human talents. This work is better to call an epic as it consists of 8000 lines and is separated into 14 books (Damrosch 471). It is necessary to mention Joanna Baillie, a poet and dramatist. She wrote plays in verse which were highly appreciated. However, she is famous largely for her first published work, a collection of lyrics Fugitive Verses in 1790. Another talented English writer is Mary Wollstonecraft. She is famous for her works about equality of women concerning education and social life. Mary Wollstonecraft was a member of a radical group together with William Blake and later William Wordsworth. All her life Mary Wollstonecraft remained a passionate defender of women rights. In her works she was bringing up a fulmination against social inequality of women. She wrote Thoughts on the Education of Daughters in 1787 and A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, which contains a fulmination and a plea concerning equality for women, in 1792. The second stage of Romanticism began in 1805 and was marked by appreciation of history value, attention to origins, to works of Renaissance time. One of the most noted poets of the second stage is George Gordon, Lord Byron. He put the poet in the central place and spoke about imagination in his works (Damrosch 458). Romantic Movement reached its high point of art in the works of Byron. In his poems he emphasizes the individual feelings, emotions of a person, not of several ones; expression of feeling opposes to morality and value of nature to a state. The works of Byron are unique and brilliant, his poetry is an outstanding event connected with the Epoch of Romanticism. When an artist puts paint on canvas, he/she attentively traces shapes and colours for attaining a needful effect. The same Byron does when he writes a poem – he arranges words so that a poem is simple and comprehensible. Byron uses language in unusual way: he chooses words for sound and meaning. He carefully selects and arranges each word to achieve the desirable sound and effect. His major hero is a romantic person who is out of the society. In his poems the author raises the question of immortality. Besides, his works are notable for their flippancy. In 1820s there was a third stage of Romanticism that spread romantic ideas in literature worldwide (Damrosch 458). Summarizing, the Romantic Movement in Britain has three stages; every of stages is famous for poets and their works. At this time poets broke with tradition and tried the relaxed rhythms, everyday language and imagination in their poems. Conclusion. The paper briefly analyzes the three stages of Romantic Movement in Great Britain in general and poets who contributed greatly to the poetry of their country in a more detailed way. Besides, the paper analyzes the peculiarities of literature of that epoch. Having examined the works of William and Dorothy Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Lord Byron, William Blake, Robert Burns, Mary Wollstonecraft and Joanna Baillie, it is clear it was a new generation of poets in the British literature. References: Damrosch D., Wolfson S. J., Manning P. J. (2005). The Longman Anthology of British Literature, Volume 2A: The Romantics and Their Contemporaries, Longman, 3rd Edition, 1120pp.

songs essays

songs essays Early is the best time to start children with an enriched musical background. The earlier the child starts to hear and learn about music, the more enriched and fulfilling the child's experience of music is going to be. This is even more beneficial for talented children. A child cannot receive the full benefit of music and will not learn as much or at all without the first three stages of preparatory audiation. With this in mind, I will now show you how to guide children through these stages. First of all, we need to look at resources. For this particular situation, I will have two helpers, two rooms in which to work (one is furnished with cribs, the other is mostly open space with a carpet). Also, I will have a good sound system in both rooms (that includes a tape player and compact disc player), and some money (available to buy recordings and equipment). Next is the age range of the children. The first stage is Absorption. One of the most difficult things to do when guid ing children through these stages is to know when the right time is to move them to the next stage. This often requires much patience. The reason that you need so much patience is because all children move through the different stages of preparatory audiation at different times. The times when children move are as different as their handwriting. In the Absorption stage, children are "absorbing" music. But, not all music is appropriate. Most of the music that should be played is live music. It should also be played in different keyalities, tonalities, harmonies, meters, and tempos. When playing such diverse groups of music it is also important to not play music with words. Why you ask? Because if you play music with words, the children seem to focus their attention more on the words than the music itself. Out of the two rooms that we have, I would use the one room, which has the cribs in it for the children in the absorption stage. This would be mor...

Short and Quick Activities for the ESL Classroom

Short and Quick Activities for the ESL Classroom All teachers are probably familiar with this situation: Its five minutes before your next class is going to begin and you really dont know what to do. Or maybe this situation is familiar; youve finished your lesson and there are still ten minutes left to go. These short, helpful activities can be used in those situations when you could use a good idea to help get the class started, or fill those inevitable gaps. 3 Favorite Short Classroom Activities My Friend...? I like to draw a picture of a man or a woman on the board. This usually gets a few laughs as my drawing skills leave quite a lot to be desired. Anyway, the point of this exercise is that you ask students questions about this mystery person. Begin with: What is his / her name? and go from there. The only rule that applies is that students have to pay attention to what other students say so that they can give reasonable answers based on what other students have said. This is a great little exercise to review tenses. The crazier the story becomes the better, and more communicative, the activity is for the students. Short Topic Writing The idea of this exercise is to get students to quickly write about a topic they choose (or you assign). These short presentations are then used in two manners; to generate spontaneous conversations on a wide range of topics, and to take a look at some common writing problems. Use the following subjects and ask students to write a paragraph or two about a subject they choose, give them about five to ten minutes to write: The best thing to happen to me todayThe worst thing to happen to me todaySomething funny that happened to me this weekWhat I really hate!What I really like!My favorite thingA surprise I hadA landscapeA buildingA monumentA museumA memory from childhoodMy best friendMy boss Music Description Choose a short piece or excerpt of music you like (I prefer something by the French composers Ravel or Debussy) and tell the students to relax and listen to the music. Tell them to let their imaginations run free. After you have listened to the piece twice, ask them to describe what they were thinking about or what they imagined while they were listening to the music. Ask them why they had those particular thoughts.

Theatres in New York City - Public Theater and the Cherry Lane Theatre Research Paper

Theatres in New York City - Public Theater and the Cherry Lane Theatre - Research Paper Example The paper tells that among a variety of theaters in the New York City the Public Theater and the Cherry Lane Theatre of the New York City are very popular. The Public Theater was founded by Joseph Papp. He founded the theater as a Shakespeare Workshop. It is currently described as one of the most excellent cultural institutions of America. This has been the most important theater in New York City and also in the entire nation where all the voices, rhythms, societies, and cultures converged. The theater has been founded for the purpose of providing public platforms to the up-and-coming performers and dramatists. The theater has been opened at 425, Lafayette Street, East Village, Lower Manhattan (this place was formally known as the Astor library) with the world-premiere production and live performance of the famous American rock musical HAIR. This was the first show of this rock musical. Throughout the history the theater has been famous for producing several plays, musicals, and prod uctions based on William Shakespeare, and various other classics in its Lafayette Street headquarter. The theater has been nurtured under the leadership of Oskar Eustis, the famous Artistic Director, and Patrick Willingham, the famous Executive Director of the theater. During their leadership the theater has been emerged as the most crucial nurturing place for artists and audiences in relation to embrace the complexities of contemporary culture and society of the country. Under the leadership and guidance of Joseph Papp the theater has evolved as the most important place of enclosure and a forum of new ideas and views (History of Public Theater, 2012, p. 1). On the contrary, The Cherry Lane Theater opened in 1924 at 38, Commerce Street, Manhattan, New York City. The theater was founded by a group of theater artists in a factory of tobacco warehouse and box. But in the 1924, designer Cleon Throckmorton designed the structure of the theater and converted the tobacco factory into a the ater. This very structure of the theater is present till date. In 1998, the studio has been opened for new American work. Angelina Fiordellisi was the owner and the founder of the theater and helped a lot in the evolution process of the theater. Among these changes the most important one has been creation of the 60-seat black-box theater by Fiordellisi. This theater is the oldest and continuously-running theater in the New York City. This theater is an off-Broadway theater whereas the Public Theater is a Broadway theater (History of the Cherry Lane Theater, 2012, p. 1). Organizational structures and managerial positions: Both the theaters, the Public Theater and the Cherry Lane Theater are organized and managed by artists and dramatists. The Public Theater is organized by Joseph Papp, who was one of the most recognized theatrical producer as well as director of the country, till his death. During his time the theater achieved several successes and won various awards and prizes. He w as like the father figure of the theater and under his management the theater had been a significant place for both music and plays and this system of management is present in modern days also. The management type of the Public Theater is highly passionate about the development of the theatrical productions of the country

(choice of topics listed below) and its implications for WORLD Research Paper

(choice of topics listed below) and its implications for WORLD REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY - Research Paper Example A region is usually defined as a part of the surface of the earth having various characteristics that makes the area unique from other areas. The regional geography looks to focus on the unique and specific characteristics of various places related to the economy, culture; climate, environmental and political factor. Study of regional geography started develop in United States and Europe during the period between World War I and World War II as geographers were looking for a way to make geography a strong credible university level subject. (Marston, Knox, and Liverman 205) Globalization on the other hand refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of places globally. The major implications of globalization are the expansion of global connections with relation to the network and relation leading to increasing awareness about the world. The present study looks to analyze the implications of globalization on the world regional geography. The core concept of the study is of great importance as there have been very few studies similar to the mentioned one. Analysis and Findings Various geographers like Peter Dicken have often criticized fellow geographers for missing out on the topic of globalization and its impact of world regional geography. Mr. ... Also it is quite strange that very few geographers are looking to discuss the relationship between globalization and geography. All in all there is a belief that geographers can play a major role in the overall geographic debate. There is a misconception among some of the geographers over the fact that the world is flat. However, it is not quite true. The concept of the world is flat has often been mentioned in the Thunen’s agricultural location theory, central place theory and industrial location theory by Weber (Hobbs 301). Geographers became nervous in the early 90’s when the promoters of globalization started to predict convergence, locations, and places, end of distance, global villages and geography. One can also find defenses coming out from the business world, media, social sciences and geography. The most fundamental arguments that have been summarized by Yeung include: The global economy is not a singular production factory. It is a regional production world a nd hence it is contested by regionalization which is also happens to be the major drive of global economy; junction and global cultures have emphasized on the awareness of cultural responses and local differences; globalization does not refer to the end of states and nations as the primary point of political governance. The message of the geographers which includes various publications has been hardly able to reach the minds of the non geographic junction of promoters and hence the evolution of globalization ahs continued the end of regional geography debate. The lack of appropriate dialog between regional and systematic geographers has some reduced the impact of